Sen lugar a dúbidas, a perfección nos vosos exercizos indica que nos estamos quedando curtos/as.
Nesta ocasión, vou probar a meter un pouquiño máis de présa, porque estou comezando a pensar que vos vai dar o sono!
Ides ver que a teoría e os exercizos desta sesión van estar en castelán... o motivo? Porque, en galego, os tempos perfectos non existes. Polo tanto, non tería xeito de facer que entenderades a equivalencia e que verades exemplos para traducir. Desculpándome por ese detalle... comezamos!
PRESENTE PERFECTO; FOR AND SINCE; ALREADY, JUST AND YET
Present Perfect à Se utiliza cuando en la oración no hay ningún complemento circunstancial de tiempo (no se dice cuándo sucedió). [Pero sí puede haber complementos circunstanciales de frecuencia].
o Affirmative sentences.
§ Simple: Subject + have/has + verb part + complements.
· Paula has gone to Oviedo.
§ Continuo: Subject + have/has + been + verb gerund + complements.
· I have been working for a long time.
o Negative sentences.
§ Simple: Subject + have/has + not + verb part + complements.
· Roberto and Sonia haven’t been to anywhere.
§ Continuo: Subject + have/has + not + been + verb gerund + complements.
· You haven’t been studying this afternoon.
o Interrogative sentences.
§ Simple: Have/has + subject + verb part + complements.
· Has Tania studied for her exam?
§ Continuo: Have/has + subject + been + verb gerund + complements.
· Has Lara been playing football all the morning?
o Cuándo se utiliza.
§ Cuando, hablando del pasado, no se especifica el momento en que ocurrió la acción.
§ Con las preposiciones referidas al pasado: for y since.
For and since:
o For à durante o ‘desde hace’.
§ She has been here for 9 days.
o Since à desde.
§ We have been friends since we are ten years old.
Already, just and yet:
o Already à ya.
§ I have already listened to that song.
o Just à “acaba de”.
§ I have just arrived.
o Yet à aun /ya(interrogativas, negativas).
§ You haven’t finished your dinner yet.
§ Have you read that book yet?
PAST PERFECT
o Affirmative sentences:
§ Simple:
· Subject + had + verb part. + complements.
o You had done it before.
o Tú lo habías hecho antes.
§ Continuous:
· Subject + had + been + verb gerund + complements.
o I had been waiting for you when you knocked the door.
o Yo había estado esperándote cuando llamaste a la puerta.
o Negative sentences:
§ Simple:
· Subject + had + not + verb part + complements.
o You hadn’t done it before.
o Tú no lo habías hecho antes.
§ Continuous:
· Subject + had + not + been + verb gerund + complements.
o I hadn’t been waiting for you when you knocked the door.
o Yo no te había estado esperando cuando llamaste a la puerta.
o Interrogative sentences:
§ Simple:
· Had + subject + verb part + complements.
o Had you done it before?
o ¿Lo habías hecho antes?
§ Continuous:
· Had + subject + been + verb gerund + complements.
o Had you been waiting for me when I knocked the door?
o ¿Habías estado tú esperándome cuando llamé a la puerta?
EXERCIZO 1: TRADUCIÓNS
1. Cuando llegué tú ya te habías marchado.
2. Me di cuenta de que Pedro había estado llorando.
3. Cuando tu madre te preguntó tú aun no habías hecho los deberes.
4. Vine porque tú ya me habías dicho que viniera.
5. ¿Tuvo Andrea que contarte todo lo que había hecho esa tarde?
6. Sara told me that you had shouted to her.
7. You hadn’t ever done anything like that.
8. Had we done anything to make you angry?
9. We had been playing for hours when the telephone rang.
10. I knew that you had talked to her but I didn’t tell you anything.
11. Hemos ido al parque con Hugo.
12. No he comido nada desde hace horas.
13. ¿Te has duchado?
14. Han estado preguntando por ti.
15. No has estado haciendo nada.
16. ¿Ha estado tu hermana escondiéndose de mí?
17. Ya he estado aquí antes.
18. Acabamos de llegar a casa.
19. ¿Aun no habéis ordenado vuestra habitación?
20. He querido decírtelo desde la semana pasada.
21. You have been walking for two hours.
22. I know that you haven’t brought what I asked you.
23. I’m not hungry yet.
24. Has your sister found what she had lost?
25. You have been talking all the hour.
26. Your parents haven’t been looking at you while you were jumping into the swimming pool.
27. She’s just finished her picture.
28. Have you been asking for help?
29. Come when you can; I’m already here.
30. My friends haven’t found the keys of the car.
EXERCIZO 2: COMPOSICIÓN
Estudados xa tódolos tempos presentes e pasados, pode que sexa un bo momento para comezar a escribir. Se dominades outros tempos verbais, podédelos empregar aínda que non os teñamos dado polo momento. O exercizo consiste en escribir unha composición dunhas 100 palabras (máis ou menos) que teña por título o seguinte:
"MALE CHAUVINISM AND FEMINISM" (Machismo e feminismo).
Pode ocurrir que nun único comentario non haxa espazo suficiente para presentar ambos exercizos. Por se acaso, escribide a composición nun segundo comentario.
Moito ánimo con esa creatividade e a practicar!!
Bolsa de Biblioteca.
Jennifer Campos Bértoa. Habitación 211
ResponderEliminarEXERCIZO 1: TRADUCIÓNS
1. When I arrived, you had already left.
2. I realized that Pedro had been crying.
3. When your mum asked me, you hadn’t done your homework yet.
4. I came because you had already said to me to come.
5. Had Andrea to tell you everything that she had done that afternoon?
6. Sara me dijo que tú le habías gritado.
7. Tú nunca habías una cosa como esa.
8. ¿Habíamos hecho algo para hacerte enfadar?
9. Nosotros habíamos estado jugando durante horas cuando sonó el teléfono.
10. Yo sabía que tú habías hablado con ella pero no te dije nada.
11. We had gone to the park with Hugo.
12. I haven’t eaten anything for hours.
13. Has you take a shower?
14. They have asked for you.
15. You haven’t done anything.
16. Has your sister been hiding from me?
17. I have already been here before.
18. We have just arrived home.
19. Haven’t you put in order your room yet?
20. I have wanted say that to you since last week.
21. Has estado andando durante dos horas.
22. Yo sé que no has traído lo que te pregunté.
23. Aún no estoy hambrienta.
24. ¿Ha encontrado tu hermana lo que había perdido?
25. Has estado hablando toda la hora.
26. Tus padres no han estado mirándote mientras te tirabas a la piscina.
27. Ella acaba de finalizar su dibujo.
28. ¿Has estado pidiendo ayuda?
29. Ven cuando puedas; yo ya estoy aquí.
30. Mis amigos no han encontrado las llaves de su coche.
Jennifer Campos Bértoa. Habitación 211
ResponderEliminarEXERCIZO 2: COMPOSICIÓN
"MALE CHAUVINISM AND FEMINISM"
I think that extremes are dangerous.
Feminism appears how a reaction from male chauvinism. It is good have a feminine group who defend women rights. But if these women groups become a radical, it isn’t so good.
Women have suffered male chauvinism since immemorial temps, and this male chauvinism became sometimes in violence. Obviously, we couldn’t permit this, and women started to defend their integrity.
Nevertheless, feminists can’t become as aggressive as some men are, and they have to teach respect for others, and trying to create a best world where men and women are the perfect complement ones for others.
Candela Camiño López, 211
ResponderEliminar1. When I arrived you have already gone.
2. I realized that Peter had been crying
3.When yout mother asked you, you hasn’t done your homework yet.
4. I came because you had told me to come.
5. Had Andrea to tell you everything she had done that afternoon?
6. Sara me dijo que tu le habías gritado.
7. Tu nunca habías hecho algo como eso.
8. Hemos hecho algo para que tut e enfades?
9. Nosotros habíamos estado jugando durante horas cuando sonó el teléfono
10. Yo sabía que tu habías hablado con ella pero no te fije nada.
11. We have gone to the park with Hugo.
12. I haven’t eaten for hours.
13. Have you had a shower?
14. They have been asking for you
15. You have been doing nothing.
16. Has your sister been hiding from me?
17. I’ve been here before.
18. We have just arrived at home.
19. Haven’t you tidied your room yet?
20. I’ve wanted tell you it since last week
21. Tú has estado caminando durante dos horas.
22. Sé que tu no me has traído lo que yo te pedí.
23. Aún no tengo hambre.
24. Tu hermana ha encontrado lo que había perdido?
25. Tú has estado hablando durante toda la hora.
26. Tus padres no te han estado mirando mientas tu estabas saltando a la piscina.
27. Ella acaba de terminar su cuadro.
28. Has estado pidiendo ayuda?
29. Ven cuando puedas. Yo ya estoy aquí.
30. Mis amigos no han encontrado las llaves del coche.
Candela, 211
ResponderEliminar"MALE CHAUVINISM AND FEMINISM”
Along the history women and men haven't been considered as equals. Since ancient, women were differents, they didnt' do the same things or jobs as men, and her social life was confined at home.
In my opinion, women and men aren't differents,as the evolution of the history has shown us. Now, a woman can decide what to do with her life. However, is frecuent those situations on that women are considered less. Because of that, feminism have reached an important roll un our society, women are fighting for her rights.
But don't forget that at the same time women fight to find the equal, they have to respect men's rights. That feminism don't begin the new male chauvinism.
CORRECCIÓN DA COMPOSICIÓN DE JENNIFER:
ResponderEliminar"MALE CHAUVINISM AND FEMINISM"
I think that extremes are dangerous.
Feminism appears AS a reaction TO male chauvinism. It is good TO have a feminine group THAT defendS women rights. But if these women groups become [ ] radical, it isn’t so good.
Women have suffered male chauvinism since immemorial temps, and this male chauvinism TURNED INTO violence SOMETIMES. Obviously, we couldn’t permit this, and women started to defend their integrity.
Nevertheless, feminists can’t become as aggressive as some men are, and they have to teach respect TO others, and TRY to create a best world where men and women are the perfect complement FOR EACH OTHER.
CORRECCIÓN DA COMPOSICIÓN DE CANDELA:
ResponderEliminar"MALE CHAUVINISM AND FEMINISM”
Along the history women and men haven't been considered as equals. Since ancient, women were DIFFERENT, they didn'T USE TO do the same things or HAVE THE SAME jobs as men, and THEIR social life was confined at home.
In my opinion, women and men aren't DIFFERENT, as the evolution of the history has shown us. Now, a woman can decide what to do with her life. However, Those situations ON WHICH women are considered less THAN MEN ARE FRECUENT. Because of that, feminism have reached an important roll IN our society, women are fighting for THEIR rights.
But don't forget that, at the same time, women fight to find the equalITY, they have to respect men's rights. Feminism MUSTN'T BECOME the new FEmale chauvinism.
CORRECCIÓN DAS TRADUCIÓNS:
ResponderEliminar1. When I arrived you had already gone.
2. I realised that Pedro had been crying.
3. When your mother asked you, you hadn't done your homework yet.
4. I came because you had already told me to come.
5. Did Andrea have to tell you all she had done that afternoon?
6. Sara me dijo que tú le habías gritado.
7. Tú nunca habías hecho nada así.
8. Habíamos hecho nosotros algo para enfadarte?
9. Nosotros habíamos estado jugando durante horas cuando el teléfono sonó.
10. Yo sabía que tú habías hablado con ella pero no te dije nada.
11. We have gone to the park with Hugo.
12. I haven't eaten anything for hours.
13. Have you had a shower?
14. They have been asking about you.
15. You haven't been doing anything.
16. Has your sister been hiding from me?
17. I have already been here before.
18. We have just arrived home.
19. Haven't you tidied your bedroom yet?
20. I have wanted to tell you since last week.
21. Tú has estado caminando durante dos horas.
22. Sé que no has traído lo que te pedí.
23. Aun no tengo hambre.
24. Ha encontrado tu hermana lo que había perdido?
25. Tú has estado hablando toda la hora.
26. Tus padres no te han estado mirando mientras tú estabas saltando en la piscina.
27. Ella acaba de terminar su dibujo.
28. Has estado pidiendo ayuda?
29. Ven cuando puedas. Yo ya estoy aquí.
30. Mis amigos no han encontrado las llaves del coche.